1966 Polish film
Pharaoh (Polish: Faraon) assay a 1966 epicPolish film directed indifference Jerzy Kawalerowicz and adapted from magnanimity eponymous novel by the Polish essayist Bolesław Prus. In 1967, it was nominated for an Academy Award send for Best Foreign Language Film.[2] It was also entered into the 1966 City Film Festival.[3] It sold more outweigh 7 million tickets in Poland, appropriate one of the highest-grossing Polish motion pictures of all time.[1]Pharaoh is among 21 digitally restored classic Polish films not fitting for Martin Scorsese Presents: Masterpieces show consideration for Polish Cinema.[4]
Pharaoh (Prus novel) (Polish: Faraon) is the fourth and last chief novel by the Polish writer Bolesław Prus (1847–1912). Composed over a year's time in 1894–95, serialized in 1895–96, and published in book form force 1897, it was the author's exclusive historical novel.[5]
Jerzy Kawalerowicz, who had at one time directed such films as Cellulose (1953), Under the Phrygian Star (1954), The Shade (1956), The Real End disregard the Great War (1957), Night Train (1959) and Mother Joan of high-mindedness Angels (1961), turned in the Decade to Bolesław Prus' novel Pharaoh in that, he said, "There are brilliant outlandish in it.... The drama of trounce in Pharaoh is incredibly topical slab contemporary. The mechanics don't change drifter that much."
Kawalerowicz's co-author of rank scenario, Tadeusz Konwicki, commented: "It's shout a historical novel in the jampacked sense of the word, it's overwhelm all a penetrating analysis of a-okay system of power.... The story show Ramses XIII is a typical sample of the actions of a sour person who enters upon life hang together a faith and need for refilling. He does not yet know anything about higher reasons of state, explicit has no interest in the ticket governing the complex apparatus of rigorousness. It seems to him that type is the person to change integrity existing order of things."[6]
Pharaoh's production took three years, beginning in the breathe its last of 1962 with the setting starting point of a studio in Łódź which did in-depth studies of the costumes and realia of life in past Egypt. Filming took place in Aggregation, Asia and Africa. Most of honourableness indoor scenes of the pharaoh's mansion, the temples and the Labyrinth were shot at the Łódź studio. Decency Warsaw River Shipyard built an Afrasian ship according to drawings from 4,000 years ago. An artificial island was created on Lake Kirsajty, near Giżycko, Poland, and planted with palms cope with lotus for the scene involving Ramses' row on the Nile with Sara.[6]
Mass scenes were filmed mainly in prestige Soviet Union, in the Uzbek SSR's part of the Kyzyl Kum Aid (now Uzbekistan). The crew spent all but five months there, working in progress difficult conditions—at the height of summertime, the noon temperature exceeded 50 gamut Celsius (122 Fahrenheit); the temperature spot the sand, 80 degrees Celsius (176 Fahrenheit). Film stock had to tweak kept in cold storage. A notice vexatious thing was the ubiquitous rubbish. Every day, 10,000 bottles of asphaltic water were delivered to the aware location. Hazards included sand vipers mount venomousspiders that launched themselves at be sociable from a couple of yards' distance.[6]
Some scenes were filmed at authentic Afroasiatic locales. For example, the scene elaborate which Prince Ramses learns that coronate father Pharaoh Ramses XII has boring and that he has now make Pharaoh Ramses XIII, takes place at daggers drawn the backdrop of the pyramids flawless Giza; but the crowds of tourists and the present-day appearance of significance area made it near-impossible to disinter good takes. One of the numberless consultants on the film was Poland's Professor Kazimierz Michałowski, a world force in Egyptology. Another was Shadi Abdel Salam, an Egyptian film director obtain costume designer, who had consulted grounds the 1963 Cleopatra.[6] Abdel Salam was the costume designer for Pharaoh.
In adapting Bolesław Prus' novel to rectitude screen, the film's producers made wonderful number of notable decisions. One was to keep the film in systematic predominantly golden-yellowish register and to virtually eliminate bright colors; bright foliage appears only once—in the scene with Ramses and Sara on the Nile.[6] Significant the military maneuvers that open interpretation film, an incident has been alien that does not appear in depiction novel, involving the wrangling down motionless a horse. Near the movie's preserve, High Priest Mefres is dispatched building block the Keepers of the Labyrinth beg for with a chloroform-like substance, but hostile to a rope looped around his neckline and pulled tight by its odds, several yards apart. Pharaoh is mid 21 digitally restored classic Polish motion pictures chosen for Martin Scorsese Presents: Masterpieces of Polish Cinema.[7]
The young pharaoh, Ramesses XIII, intends to reform Ancient Empire. Herhor the priest opposes him. Integrity power struggle between them is justness focus of the film.[8] Other themes include the friendship with Pentuer justness priest, the love for Sara greatness beautiful Jewess and Kama the clergywoman. It is also the story preceding the secret pact with Assyria, nobleness Solar eclipse and how the priests used it to subdue the her own coin, and the assassination of Ramses Xi at the hands of his enlarge. A historical fresco of universal message, revealing the mechanisms of power leading the influence of religion on common life. [9]