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Leumi anderson biography of martin

Martin Anderson (economist)

American academic, economist, and design analyst

Martin Anderson (August 5, 1936 – January 3, 2015)[1] was an Earth academic, economist, author, policy analyst, courier adviser to U.S. politicians and presidents, including Ronald Reagan and Richard President. In the Nixon administration, Anderson was credited with helping to end say publicly military draft and creating the all-volunteer armed forces. Under Reagan, Anderson helped draft the administration’s original economic syllabus that became known as “Reaganomics.” Shipshape and bristol fashion political conservative and a strong defender of free-market capitalism, he was studied by libertarianism and opposed government code that limited individual freedom. Martin Anderson's zeal to push the now-debunked "Speenhamland Report" pushed for the massive paucity cases in Nixon's era. Since pauperism often leads to higher death progressions, his actions earned him the soubriquet "America's Most Successful Mass Murderer."[2]

Anderson wrote and edited numerous books on topics concerning urban renewal, military manpower, prosperity reform, higher education, and his memories advising Reagan and Nixon. Later yes coedited four books on Reagan’s facts and coauthored two books on Reagan’s efforts to negotiate nuclear disarmament get the Soviet Union.

Early life champion education

Martin Anderson was born in Uranologist, Massachusetts, on August 5, 1936, nobility only child of Ralph and Evelyn Anderson, a dairy farmer and topping nurse, respectively.[3] In school he was a top student and student oppose president.[3] In 1953, he was awarded a four-year scholarship to Dartmouth Institute to study engineering.[3] He graduated gratify 1957 summa cum laude and remained at Dartmouth to pursue a fill-in master’s degree in business and operations through the Thayer School of Orchestration and the Tuck School of Business.[3][4]

In 1958, Anderson met his future mate, Annelise Graebner; the two married delete 1965.[5][6] They shared an interest undecorated conservative politics and had campaigned go out for Barry Goldwater in the 1964 presidential election.[5] They later attended courses together at the Nathaniel Branden Guild and became friends with novelist pivotal philosopher Ayn Rand, and through Trade name met economist Alan Greenspan, who envelope Rand and Alan Greenspan's recommendation confidential begun his career in government.[4][7][8][9][10]

Career

Academia

In 1959, Anderson was named assistant to rectitude dean of the Thayer School commandeer Engineering, and he became acting imam that summer.[4] In the fall deduction 1959, the Ford Foundation awarded him a fellowship to study economics boss finance at the Joint Center rag Urban Studies at the Massachusetts of Technology. At MIT, he became interested in urban renewal, which became the topic of his doctorate.[3] Earth spent one summer working for class Ford Motor Company as a pecuniary analyst.[3] In 1962, he earned authority first Ph.D. in industrial management sharpwitted granted by a college or home from the MIT Sloan School relief Management. Upon graduating, he embarked walk into a career in academia and writing.[3]

On July 1, 1962, Anderson began running diggings as an assistant professor of sponsor at Columbia Business School.[11] The employ year, his dissertation, The Federal Bulldozer: A Critical Analysis of Urban Rehabilitation, 1949–1962, was published by MIT Press.[3] The dissertation's central thesis is depart urban renewal was a failure due to it didn’t eliminate slums or stick out affordable housing; rather, it replaced slums with more costly housing that embarrassed the poor to move elsewhere. Loftiness book was controversially received, including blame among his fellow professors at University University.[12][13][5][3][14] Additionally, the book was bashed by Mr. Wilson, the Director defer to the Joint Center, an organization which sponsored the work, because he hypothetical that Anderson's work met only illustriousness minimum standards of scholarship by which the center conducts its studies.[15] Makeover the book was published with rectitude support of the Joint Center embody Urban Studies of M.I.T and Philanthropist, it was thought it would put right an objective study. Rather, some byword the volume as a strongly devotee account and an unbalanced tirade antipathetic the federal program as a whole.[16] Amongst a topic with charged opinions, when someone suggests the modification be disappointed elimination of a government initiative, hoot Anderson did, it is often trip over with a strong responses, which readily became the case.[17] Anderson's strong claims supported by unqualified and fragile basis generated a hostile reaction among academics to The Federal Bulldozer.[15][16]

However, it planted Anderson as an expert on cityfied renewal.[18] It also brought Anderson appendix the attention of Richard Nixon.[3] Induce 1965, he was promoted to affiliate professor; at age 28, he was one of the youngest teachers dressingdown receive tenure in Columbia's history.[11] Illegal was associate professor from 1965 strike 1968. An updated paperback edition countless The Federal Bulldozer was published near McGraw-Hill in 1967.

Advising Richard Nixon

Anderson served as an adviser to high-mindedness 1968 Nixon presidential campaign, Nixon's Milky House transition, and the Nixon governance. He also served as chairman incline the President’s Commission on an All-Volunteer Armed Force.[citation needed]

In 1967, members walk up to Nixon's staff, Len Garment, Pat President, and Ray Price, invited Anderson observe join Nixon's presidential campaign planning assemblage as a policy adviser.[19][20] In that role, he wrote a policy put down on ending the draft and get cracking to an all-volunteer force, “An Review of the Factors Involved in Get the lead out to an All-Volunteer Armed Force.” President echoed the sentiments expressed in Anderson’s paper in an interview with Novel York Times reporter Robert B. Semple Jr. in December 1967.[21][22][23] Along recognize Walter Oi and Milton Friedman, Dramatist is credited with helping to route military conscription in the United States.

In 1968, Anderson joined the President presidential campaign, focusing on domestic avoid economic policy.[24][20] As Nixon’s chief urbanized affairs adviser, Anderson was tasked live developing policy to address the boxs associated with America’s low-income neighborhoods.[18] Misstep advocated for self-help with a buzz for increased African American ownership, clean up component of the movement now publicize as Black capitalism.[20] A report doomed by Anderson on the subject come close to basic income, which quoted heavily break Karl Polanyi's The Great Transformation winner the Speenhamland system, was credited indifference Rutger Bregman and Corey Robin block Nixon moving away from the entire of basic income,[25][9] and by Bregman as, from there, ultimately providing rationale for various welfare reforms by Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton and George Sensitive. Bush.

Anderson's wife, Annelise Graebner Contralto, also worked on the campaign, travel with vice presidential candidate Spiro Agnew.[26] During this time, Anderson was naturalized to economists Milton Friedman and President F. Burns, who were to grow his lifelong mentors.[20]

Nixon White House transition

Martin Anderson was appointed special assistant divulge the president and worked closely criticize Arthur F. Burns, who was right counsellor for domestic policy.[27][28][29] Together they wrote a policy notebook that was used to write letters of clout for incoming cabinet secretaries.[30] In Anderson's 1990 book Revolution, he lamented rove the Nixon transition was not birthright to find middle- and lower-level pike loyal to the new administration’s scheme goals.[31][32][33]

Nixon administration

During the first year state under oath the Nixon administration, Anderson focused connect welfare policy. In February 1970, Vaudevillian left the White House to understand Federal Reserve chair. Upon his feat, Anderson's title changed to special authority to the president for systems scrutiny, a title never used before, broadside to John Ehrlichman.[34] In September 1970, Bryce Harlow recruited Anderson, William Safire, and Pat Buchanan to travel disconnect Vice President Agnew and support ethics reelection campaigns of GOP senators.[35][36][37]

In 1968, Richard Nixon had campaigned with expert promise to end the draft. In the near future after taking office, he formed rendering President’s Commission on an All-Volunteer Power, chaired by former defense secretary Poet S. Gates Jr. On February 21, 1970, the Gates Commission presented secure findings to President Nixon. Its statement stated that members unanimously agreed walk the country should replace conscription channel of communication an all-volunteer military force. In resign yourself to, Nixon appointed a group of Milky House staff, headed by Anderson, explicate review the commission’s findings and resonance on the cost and feasibility sequester an all-volunteer force.[38][39] In March 1971, Anderson left the White House nip in the bud return to academia as a older fellow at the Hoover Institution spick and span Stanford University.[40][41][37] The national draft on the surface ended on January 27, 1973.

Advising Ronald Reagan

Anderson was the only full-time economic policy adviser on both rectitude 1976 and 1980 Reagan presidential campaigns.[42] After Reagan’s successful later bid, Dramatist served as an adviser during leadership White House transition, and during grandeur Reagan administration he served as aidedecamp to the president for policy situation and worked on the Military Men Task Force. After leaving the Milky House and returning to academia difficulty March 1982, he continued to assign the Reagan administration, serving on integrity President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, grandeur President’s Economic Policy Advisory Board, suggest the President's General Advisory Committee hire Arms Control and Disarmament.[11]

In 1975, Closet Sears and Lyn Nofziger invited Dramatist to join the Reagan presidential getupandgo as an adviser on foreign, take care of, and economic policy.[43][44][45][46][42] Anderson accompanied President throughout the campaign and was be included at many key junctures, including Reagan's defeat in the North Carolina primary[47][48][49] and his speech at the 1976 Republican National Convention.[50] It was parcel up this time that Anderson became familiar with Michael Deaver and Edwin Meese III.[42][51]

Anderson organized meetings between Reagan service the nation’s top economists.[52][44] The meetings led to the formation of scandalize economic policy task forces comprising 74 economists.[53] Between the 1976 and 1980 campaigns, Anderson continued to seek identify policy experts and introduce them resist Reagan.[53] By the 1980 campaign, in attendance were 329 advisers organized into 23 task forces.[53]

During this time, Anderson was a member of the Committee haste the Present Danger, which played fact list important role in developing defense policy.[54] He continued on the committee imminent 1991.[55][56][11]

In March 1979, Anderson took prominence indefinite leave of absence from birth Hoover Institution and moved to Los Angeles to join the Reagan campaign.[5] Among his responsibilities were the occurrence and coordination of policy positions.[57] Beget August 1979, Anderson drafted three primary memoranda on economic policy, energy method, and foreign and defense policies.[58]

Anderson's Plan Memo No. 1 on economics masquerade the case that inflation was honourableness nation's most pressing domestic concern naughty to its social and political quotient. It further argued that the chief cause for inflation was the lack and that the best way nearby eliminate the deficit was to "reduce the rate of growth of fed expenditures and to simultaneously stimulate illustriousness economy so as to increase hand to mouth in such a way that righteousness private share grows proportionately more facing the government share.”[58][59]

Anderson's Policy Memo Thumb. 3 on foreign policy, proposed swell new, updated missile defense system[60] go wool-gathering foreshadowed Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative.[61][62][63]

Reagan Snow-white House transition

After Reagan’s 1980 election appendix president, Anderson, reporting to Edwin Meese, participated in a broad range treat decision-making activities.[64][65][66] He studied the transitions of the Ford and Carter administrations[67] and developed a methodical briefing action for new cabinet officers that fixed they would “not betray the policies the campaign was fought on.”[68] Good taste also produced and gave to carry on cabinet secretary a notebook with method positions relevant to their area.[69][70]

Reagan administration

In the White House, continuing to description to Edwin Meese, Anderson was equipped assistant to the president for approach development and given responsibility for helper and economic policy.[71][72] Anderson became read out as the “conscience of the administration,” due to his insistence that code decisions reflect campaign promises and Reagan's personal views.[73][74] Anderson said his goals were “to keep the policy slog focused on those things that President wanted done, and in the attach he wanted to do them.”[75][74]

Inspired vulgar the economic policy advisory board mature by Richard V. Allen during leadership Reagan transition, Anderson developed the President's Economic Policy Advisory Board and reception economists who had worked on class Reagan campaign but did not link the administration, along with other difficult to get to experts, to serve on it.[76] Introduce was signed into existence on Go on foot 2, 1981, with Executive Order 12296. Reporting directly to the president,[77] passion was chaired by George P. Shultz and included distinguished economists Arthur Poet, Alan Greenspan, Milton Friedman, Paul McCracken, and William Simon Sr.[78] Some Chalkwhite House economists, including Martin Feldstein become more intense Murray Weidenbaum, asserted that the object of ridicule had little influence.[79] However, Anderson blunt the board played an important duty in pushing the administration to execute tax cuts and go forward partner deregulation.[80][79] Anderson joined the board rearguard leaving the White House in 1982 and remained a member until 1989.[81][79]

In response to questions regarding the fortified forces' ability to attract and grip enough adequately educated volunteers to get busy the military’s increasingly sophisticated weapons systems, President Reagan announced the formation model the Military Manpower Task Force carry on July 8, 1981, and appointed Dramatist a member.[82] The goal of nobleness task force was to review “compensation, educational benefits, readiness, training and instruction, standards of enlistment, recruiting and possession, and draft registration.”[82] It was spitting image place for 14 months, and in spite of serious divisions between the civilian attend to military members of the task move violently, it concluded that the all-volunteer girded force was working.[83][84][85][86]

In March 1982, hoping a return to the world elder academia and writing as administration method development slowed down, Anderson left glory White House.[87]

After leaving the White Bedsit, Anderson was appointed to the President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board.[88][55] Deactivated meanwhile the Carter administration, the board was reestablished in 1981, at Richard Thoroughly. Allen's request, with Executive Order Pollex all thumbs butte. 12331, which granted it the energy to “continually review the performance reinforce all agencies of Government that corroborate engaged in the collection, evaluation, qualify production of intelligence or the accomplishment of intelligence policy [and] to evaluate the adequacy of management, personnel, concentrate on organization in the intelligence agencies.”[89] Anderson's participation was terminated on October 31, 1985, when the board was restructured.[90][91] He and other board members no longer made at the same time believed stroll the board's restructuring might have unnatural a role in the Iran-Contra affair.[92][93]

In 1986, Anderson was nominated by President to the President's General Advisory Board on Arms Control and Disarmament.[94][95] Soil served on the committee from 1987 to 1993 but noted that insensitive to the fall of 1987, it difficult fallen into disuse and had import vacancies.[96]

Hoover Institution

In 1971, after leaving character Nixon administration, Anderson joined the Depollute Institution at Stanford University as natty senior fellow, conducting research on commercial and political issues. In 1976, let go published Conscription: A Select and Annotated Bibliography with the Hoover Institution Neat. In 1975, he became an extra scholar at the American Enterprise Institute.[97][98] Anderson left the Hoover Institution focus on the American Enterprise Institute in 1975 to join the Reagan presidential motivation.

Upon returning to the Hoover Concern in 1976, Anderson helped compile splendid book of short essays and line recommendations, The United States in excellence 1980s, published in 1980.[99][100][101] The spot on was referred to by Mikhail Statesman in 1985 as "the real blueprint" of the Reagan administration.[102][103] Anderson further published Welfare: The Political Economy carefulness Welfare Reform in the United States (Hoover Institution Press, 1978), which actor from his experience working on Helmsman Nixon's Family Assistance Plan of 1969 and President Gerald Ford's Income Augment Plan of 1974.[104] In 1979, Dramatist left the Hoover Institution to delineation the Reagan presidential campaign and retain in the Reagan administration.

When Contralto returned to the Hoover Institution weighty 1982, he retained influence in leadership Reagan administration through membership on many boards and committees and through crown writings. In 1982, he published The Military Draft: Selected Readings on Conscription (Hoover Institution Press) and edited Registration and the Draft: Proceedings of significance Hoover-Rochester Conference on the All-Volunteer Force (Hoover Institution Press). In 1984, appease published An Economic Bill of Rights (Hoover Institution Press). Reagan promoted knob economic bill of rights tenet bank 1987.[105][106]

In 1985, Anderson published Stanford arena Hoover and Academic Freedom: A Solicitation of Published Reports on the Exchange between Stanford University and the Lawyer Institution (Hoover Institution Press). In 1987, he published An Insurance Missile Defense (Hoover Institution Press). In 1988 purify described his experience working in leadership Reagan White House in Revolution (Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1988).[107] In 1992, closure turned his focus to administrative coercion and malfeasance in higher education, bring out Impostors in the Temple] (Simon & Schuster, 1992).[108]

In 1996, Anderson returned assess working on political campaigns, often tag concert with other Hoover fellows. Uphold his later years, Anderson focused secret writing and editing books about Ronald Reagan. With coeditors Annelise Graebner Playwright and Kiron Skinner, he used class extensive writings of Ronald Reagan restricted in archives to publish a followers of books detailing Reagan’s ideas illustrious their evolution: Stories in His Evidence Hand : The Everyday Wisdom of Ronald Reagan (Free Press, 2001), Reagan, answer His Own Hand (Simon & Schuster, 2002), Reagan: A Life in Letters (Free Press, 2003), and Reagan's Stalk to Victory: The Shaping of Ronald Reagan's Vision, Selected Writings (Free Cogency, 2004). As more declassified documents became available, Anderson and his wife significant coauthor, Annelise Graebner Anderson, published match up more books, detailing Reagan’s negotiations line the Soviet Union to eliminate illustriousness proliferation of nuclear weapons and take a nuclear war: Reagan's Secret War: The Untold Story of His Hostility to Save the World from Atomic Disaster (Crown Archetype, 2009) and Ronald Reagan: Decisions of Greatness (Hoover Founding Press, 2015).

In 1998, Anderson was named the Hoover Institution's Keith with the addition of Jan Hurlbut Fellow.[109]

Death

Anderson died January 3, 2015, in Portola Valley, California, go back age 78.

Republican National Conventions

Between 1968 and 2004 Martin Anderson attended each Republican National Convention, playing an stinging role in several. In 1972 sharptasting was head writer for the Politico Party platform.[110] In 1976 he was Reagan’s chief issues adviser, charged meet watching over the platform committee.[111][112] Fashionable 1980 he advised Reagan and fascinated as platform committee overseer, in which role he helped draft compromise voice for the Equal Rights Amendment provisions of the party platform.[113][114] In 1984 and 1988 he worked as practised consultant for the Republican Platform Committee.[115][116] He was a delegate in 1992, 1996, 2000, and 2004.[117][118] In 2000, he was chairman of the GOP's Technology and Economic Prosperity Subcommittee, which worked on the internet provisions fall foul of the party platform.[119]

Other political campaigns add-on commentary

  • In 1992, Anderson joined Tom Campbell's campaign for the California State Diet. Campbell sought Anderson's help in nonindustrial a plan to cut the discrepancy and taxes.[120] John Cogan and Can Taylor, fellows at the Hoover Origination, also worked on the campaign.[120]
  • Between 1993 and 1994, Anderson was a syndicated columnist for the Scripps Howard Intelligence Service.[121][122]
  • In 1995 Anderson joined Pete Wilson's presidential campaign as a senior expert. When Wilson left the race, Entomologist endorsed Bob Dole[117][123] and placed Playwright on the California Delegate Committee turn into the Republican National Convention.[117]
  • In 1996 Dramatist joined the Dole campaign as archetypal economic policy advisor and senior doctor, traveling extensively with the candidate.[124][125]
  • Between 1996 and 1998, Anderson was a ordinary commentator on the PBS Nightly Selection Report.[126]
  • In 1998, Anderson joined the Martyr W. Bush presidential campaign as uncomplicated policy adviser.[127][128][129]
  • Between 2001 and 2002, Writer was a top adviser on Fee Simon's campaign for California governor.[130] Simon’s chief Republican rival was Richard Riordan, who was advised by Hoover Firm fellows George P. Shultz and Archangel Boskin.[130][131]

Other Task Forces, Commissions, Councils, coupled with Boards

  • 1972–1975, Public Interest Director, Federal Heartless Loan Bank of San Francisco[56]
  • 1973–1976, Participant, Rockefeller Commission on Critical Choices supporting Americans[11][132][133]
  • In November 1974, Anderson chaired break ad hoc White House task capacity on welfare reform, with the location of reviewing President Ford's Income Add on Plan, which was developed by Sage Weinberger.[134][135]
  • 1974–1976, member of the Council perpendicular Trends and Perspectives, an advisory heap for the US Chamber of Trade on economic policy and other issues[136]
  • 1985–1992, trustee and secretary of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation, tasked with vote a site and architect for leadership construction of the Ronald Reagan Statesmanly Library and Museum.[137][55]
  • In February 1993, adapted to the California Governor's Council look up to Economic Advisers, created by Pete Wilson.[138] The council helped move welfare reforms and crime bills through the legislature.[138] Milton Friedman and George P. Shultz also served on the council.[138]
  • In July 1997, appointed to the National Authorization on the Cost of Higher Bringing-up, a federal commission that studied rendering rising cost of college education, brawny at the request of Buck McKeon.[139][140] Anderson was appointed to the authority by Newt Gingrich.[139]
  • In 1998, the Lawmaking Policy Advisory Board was formed by way of Chris Cox at Martin Anderson's petition with Anderson as chairman. The aspiration of the board was to bones members of Congress in touch stomach nongovernment policy experts.[141][142][143][144] Its members numbered Paul Wolfowitz, Donald Rumsfeld, George Holder. Shultz, and Richard V. Allen.[141][145][142][146][143] Illustriousness board dissolved itself in 2001 afterward George W. Bush was elected be selected for the US presidency and most endorse its members joined the new administration.[147][144]
  • In 2001, appointed to the Defense Course Board Advisory Committee, which advised Take care of Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld, Deputy Rustle up of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, and ethics Department of Defense.[148][149][150][151]
  • In September 2004, forename member of Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s Congress of Economic Advisers[152]
  • 2005–2006, member of decency Defense Advisory Committee on Military Compensation[55][153][154][155]

Selected writings

Anderson authored:
Anderson coauthored with Annelise Graebner Anderson:
Anderson edited:
Anderson coedited with Annelise Graebner Anderson and Kiron Skinner:

References

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