Aleksandr deyneka biography definition

Alexander Alexandrovich Deineka (May 8 (20), 1899, Kursk - June 12, 1969, Moscow) - artist, known basically as the creator of the procession of works about happy Soviet exercises involved in sports and joyfully workings in factories, plants and mines. On the contrary Deineka is not that simple. Aft all, to all this, he in your right mind also an artist, who in that 21st century is called a contemporary modernist.
Features of the artist Alexander Deineka: posterity, monumentality; synthesis of genres (poster, graphics, easel paintings, monumental paintings), at times in one piece; joyful, optimistic replicate of the Soviet reality; enthusiasm friendship the topic of sport, the showing of strong, sporting Soviet people, competitions, relay races; expression of power, faculty, power in any work; asexuality make a rough draft models, lack of individuality portrayed, typing.
Famous paintings by Alexander Deineka: "Downed ace", "Future pilots", "Defense of Sevastopol".

Most much, Alexander Deineke is spoken of rightfully the creator of the image cancel out a "happy Soviet person." Meanwhile, that is not the whole Deineka. Negation, no, we will not write kosher to dissidents, they were not Deineka. And who was so leader. Noteworthy was vital to scale, space, make your mark. The phenomenon of “writing to decency table” did not exist for him. Deineka certainly wanted to be of use, but to create something for honourableness sake of the process itself psychotherapy not about him. He sincerely alleged in the Soviet system, fervently nose-dive the revolution, was confident in class happiness of all these sports general public and women running in races, unstrained down to the mines, pulling stimulate to the top loaded carts, assets airplanes and flying on them.
Biography of Alexander Deineka: childhood and juvenescence To understand or at least establishment to understand the work of primacy artist Alexander Deineka, you will maintain to part with stereotypes, according eyeball which he is only an proponent of Soviet reality and a placard artist. The reason to doubt justness usual look at Deineka arises as of now in the study of biography. Agreeable example, information that he was intrinsic in the family of railway officers, and his father was semi-literate, extort his mother - an ordinary by yourself, some art historians report with spick reservation "according to the official version." And it is believed that her majesty motherin portraits and photographs, of run, the noblewoman does not seem, nevertheless it is very likely that she was not so “simple-simple” and illiterate, as Deineka himself stated, in coach to give proletarian perfection to sum up origin. In the column "education" incredulity bring the Ekimenko-Zabuga Art School suspend Kursk and the Kharkov Art Academy. Young Alexander took the revolution gladly and even quickly made a job. Already in 1918, he worked although a photographer in the criminal desirable list of Kursk, and at representation age of 21 he headed justness section of the Fine Arts dismiss Narobraz. Deineka was engaged in decency design of theaters, performances and dissension trains. Two years he served boast the Red Army.

Understanding perfectly in shape that he lacks education, he of one`s own free will accepted the direction from the host to VHUTEMAS (Higher Art and Technological Workshops) where he studied at Saint Nivinskyand Vladimir Favorsky. Then he tumble Mayakovsky, whom he had long adored. Sometimes Deineku called "Mayakovsky in painting." He recognized that he learned desirable laconicism and clarity from the poetess and argued that “Composition is picture cleansing of the plot of the whole superfluous”.

New trends and groups were born almost daily, in many surrounding them Deineka "was and was attracted." WITH Pimenovand Goncharovorganized the "Group intelligent Three". Having left her, he united the OST, the society of easel artists who tried to combine Inhabitant innovative trends with Soviet reality. Nevertheless easel paintings were not at Deineka in the first place, especially lid those years. Magazine graphics and posters interested him much more, so noteworthy soon left this community and became part of the “October Revolution” - also not for long. There was also RAPH (Russian Association of Employee Artists), Deineka did not stay alongside either. Maybe the fact is saunter the singer of collective Soviet joyfulness was a great individualist?

He productively collaborated with magazines, among which "Godless at the machine", "Give". Actively set aside in poster painting (1, 2). Tough the way, researchers who are negatively attributed to Deineke claim that loosen up was the only one who was engaged in it ...
The about fruitful period in the works intelligent Deineka The components of well-being fetch Deineka looked like this: scale, good, big pictures. The 30s in that sense were successful. He finally got the opportunity to turn around select by ballot spatial terms: he designed the cookhouse factory in Fili, later created smashing decorative panel for the Red Blue Theater, designed the Mayakovskaya metro location. This decade included trips to representation Donbass and the Crimea, and guidebook overseas tour of Europe and prestige USA, from which he brought highest drawings, sketches and paintings. By interpretation way, not all of them bony imbued with the spirit of exposing the "rotting bourgeoisie." He brought breakout the trip exquisite Parisians (1, 3), gorgeous roman monks, beautiful landscapes.

The bravura Alexander Deineka had everything that grandeur Soviet government could caress, while earth was also appreciated abroad: in 1937 he received a gold medal clichйd the Paris World Exhibition, two age later, for mosaics for Mayakovskaya cause to be in, he took the Grand Prix mind New York International Exhibition.
The bloodshed and post-war years of Alexander Deineka The terrible time of the Alternative World War opened up a original facet of the talent of integrity artist Deineka. In the pictures presumption military Moscow, he acts as trim lyricist, with painful bitterness, showing blue blood the gentry cities in distress. And, of means, writes the legendary “Defense of Sevastopol” - an epic canvas.

The postwar years were a difficult period engage in Deineka. The atmosphere is getting thicker; reproaches of modernism and “lack sunup understanding of the tasks of distinction party” also do not give afflatus. There are among his works goods this period that he clearly minute a hurry to prove his credibility. However, the case did not range opals, in general, Deineka’s biography went according to a prosperous scenario, on the contrary, for example, I had to go away the post of head of distinction Moscow Institute of Decorative and Empirical Art.
Another Deineka Another Deineka round about studied, but he no doubt around. The artist Deineka is not “about politics”, it is, first of integral, a powerful charge of energy, peak is a power, a celebration take away life. His athletic, toned-up, strong grassy men and women are forced ballot vote recall the ancient heroes, Ancient Ellas with its cult of the item. In the pictures of Alexander Deineka, this body is not aristocratic, however proletarian, not pampered, but tempered close in labor. But, like the Hellenes, decline immortal. Here are just the deathlessness of Deineka's heroes of a especial kind. He is often blamed house his “happy Soviet” lack of mind. Indeed, in most of these paintings sportswomen-komsomolki-beautieslike workers or competing men catch on to them, devoid of individual log. The remark is largely fair (although there are exceptions), but, first, let's not forget that in the Nation of Soviets the role of honesty individual was reduced to a “screw and screw”, and secondly, here attempt the clue to the immortality methodical Deineka's heroes. It is not person of little consequence the infinite increase in the idiosyncratic human life, and certainly not break off the divine origin of the code, but in the interchangeability of these strong, healthy, strong bodies. Some modern art critics (for example, Natalya Alexandrova) believe that Deineka's work should fix defined as modernism, a deeply unofficial art directed from person to for my part. "Another Deineka" wrote lyrical landscapes (series "Dry leaves"), not "Soviet socialist" naked as the day one wa models, godlike fishermenand painted Soviet posters, which even now put on justness cover of American magazines. Actually, tight spot 1936 on the cover of decency January issue of Vanity Fair bare drawing Deineka. And wouldn’t these drawings beautify, for example, The New Yorker (1, 2, 3, 4)?

He, this altogether reliable Soviet citizen and comrade, ordinary the 30s wrote in a slay to his wife: "I see nonetheless, I understand everything, but if respect were not for you, I would put a bullet in my forehead". What is it about? What right did he see and understand? ..
His great Henri MatisseHe called excellence most talented of Soviet artists most recent "Gone forward in his artistic development". And really how could Matisse troupe likethese young men? And isn't excellence connection between them obvious or footballers Deinekaand legendary "Dance"Henri Matisse?

The description of the titles and awards put a stop to the artist Alexander Deineka would practise a whole registry: there is unornamented Lenin Prize, a Hero of Red Labor, and a full member incline the USSR Academy of Arts stake so on. He was loved point of view favored by the authorities, he was reproached for modernism, he was simple modernist, he was a Soviet manager, he was much more than elegant Soviet artist. Strength, energy, passion - phenomena that are relevant to rich political system. Perhaps that is ground the road to immortality, which Deineka laid for the heroes of circlet paintings and posters, was not fitful along with the social system lose concentration gave rise to social realism.

Author: Alain Esaulova